GhitaAmati
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Joined: 5/30/2007
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quote:
ORIGINAL: tag8833
It takes 500 ma directly across the heart to cause a problem. Check your tens unit output. Mine caps out at 250 ma. So it would be safe to use above the waist, no problem, as long as there isn't a pacemaker.
Not sure where you got your numbers....
Tingling Sensation 0.5 - 3 mA
Muscle Contraction and Pain 3 - 10 mA
“Let Go” Threshold 10 - 40 mA
Respiratory Paralysis 30 - 75 mA
Heart Fibrillation and May Clamp Tight 100 - 200 mA
Tissue and Organs Burn Over 1,500 mA
The electric current in Amps is the most important variable to determine the severity of shock. However, the current is determined by the driving voltage and the resistance of the path the current is flowing through the body. One of the major difficulties in determining the conditions for electric safety is that a voltage which produces only a mild tingling in one circumstance can be a lethal shock under other conditions.
A human bodys resistance can vary anywhere between 1000ohms and 100,000ohm, even varying greatly in one day, hour to hour...
lets go with the high number and start at 100,000ohm, with 120V to figure out the current that will be passing through your body. 120V divided by 100,000ohms equals .0012A or 1.2mA. This is just about the threshhold of perception, or where you start to get a mild tingle. Now, consider you have already been through a fairly intense scene, youre sweating, and your high heels were hurting you so now you are barefoot. Your resistance to ground may now be as low as 1000ohms. Try that equation again. 120v divided by 1000ohms is .12A or 120mA. This is capable of producing ventricular fibrillation and death!
Lower frequencies are much more dangerous than higher frequencies. The higher the frequency the greater the skin effect of the electricity. In other words instead of passing through your skin, it will travel along your skin. This is why people will occasionally survive a lightning strike yet die from a household light socket. Lightning is somewhere in the gigawatt range, yet the standard bulb is less than 150watts. Lightning has erratic frequencies, at home the frequency of your current is 60Hz, or in other words, the votage goes up and down 60 times per second that the voltage exists in current. Lightning is near impossible to get measurements on, but parts have been measured at less than one hertz, and up to a million hertz. It is going so fast, that the minor resistance that skin provides actually deflects it OVER the skin, instead of through it like it would at the lower 60Hz frequency. Anything over 200Hz is considered high, most of the energy will pass over your skin instead of through is and keeping it from doing internal damage directly. However there is a good chance your skin will get heated to the point your insides will get cooked...but anyway....why is this important??
Lets start with a violet wand...for the nerds...violet wands get there name from the color the glass bulb glows when it is energized. The color is produced through energy released during the intra-valent electron exchanges occurring during the forced ionization of the normally inert Argon gas contained inside a tempered glass electrode under low pressure. The wand consists of a switch, a generator and electrical componets (a capacitor and for producing electricity generally stored in the handle) and a socket for various shaped attachments. The generator makes high frequency AC out of a standard household current (~120VAC 60Hz). Because the frequency is so high, it can be introduced into the bulb to create the purple light, but while it can be introduced through a conductor, or even accross the skin of the person holding it(tunring them into the conductor) and allows this charge to pass onto another persons skin, it does not cross the skin barrier. This makes a (properly functioning) violet wand generally much safer than other electrical toys.....however length of contact can increase the chance of minor burns similar to a sunburn...
The Tens Unit however has penetrative ability of its electrical impulses. It is a low voltage penetrative unit, generally using a 9V battery. It takes this 9VDC charge and using electronics amplifies the output into a step AC (DC current given frequency) and using capacitors, the voltage is boosted as well. This gives it the ability through low frequency (2-120Hz) and higher than 9V to penetrate beyond the skin (your primary defense against electrical shock). A well functioning and properly utilized tens unit is safe, the voltage is boosted, a frequency is created and it is capable of penetrating the skin..however, normally the voltage and frequency produced are less than potentially viable for passing through critical areas of the body (when used correctly). That is why those of us in the BDSM commnity often hear about the inhearent potential danger of placing the two electrodes in positions that would place the heart in between, such as accross the chests pectoral muscles.
ghita~
small disclaimer...I am in no way responsible for anyone playing with electricity and killing themselves or their subs based on any calculations I may do....
disclaimer number two....engineers do not need to know how to spell..get over it, Im sure there are many errors in my above post....
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